The Javan Rhino in Ujung Kulon

The Javan rhino probably the rarest large mammal species in the world. Weight ranges between 900-2,300 kg, and the body length between 2-4 m. This rhino can reach up to 170 cm.

Only one population of Javan rhino survives in Indonesia, in Ujung Kulon on the island of Java. The Javan rhinoceros has been protected since 1931 in Indonesia. Ujung Kulon National Park, located on south-western side of Java, was set aside for the conservation of the species.

The Javan Rhino can live approximately 30-45 years in the wild. It historically inhabited lowland rain forest, wet grassland and large floodplaints. The Javan Rhino is mostly solitary, except for courtship and child-rearing, though groups may occasionally congregate near wallows and salt licks. Aside from humans, adult have no predators in their range. The Javan Rhino usually avoids humans, but will attack when it feels threatened. Scientists and conservationists rarely study the animals directly due to their extreme rarity and the danger of interfering with such an endangered species. Researches rely on camera traps and fecal samples to gauge health and behavior. Consequently, the Javan Rhino is the least studied of all rhino species.